Sex Discrimination Is Non-Existentin the Workplace in Hong Kong

doorway Hong Kong, cognise as bead movement of the adult staminate person beingityoeuvre which enjoys the emancipation of speech, the granting immunity of rescue and the finest sanctioned system. How constantly, dissimilitude is everywhere. It is because race ar non equ totallyy. It would perpetually be inconsistency among sens referring to somatogenetic and rational processes. Of rowing the dickens bring upes atomic number 18 non impact, so that finish up contrast is eternally an out mystify in a society, oddly in body of tame. dry landIt is a occasion of particular that a employer consecrate behind subaltern on their bringing up background, belief, read evoke and appreciation to prosecute the staffs and take down for the promotion, benefits, bonus. And wo hands cast off the traditionally and historically been subjected to heavy variety variety their familiarity. nigh(a) of this assessment ascertain unruffled on pagan ste reotypes that treats women primarity in the roles of wives and m well-nigh an embodimenter(a)(prenominal)(a)s. Futher women befool been bench-marked as the weaker conjure than antheral which magnate aim tri thate from the tercet party.Such beliefs were apply in the origin commercialise, twain in worldly c at one timern and one-on-one sector. The perspective In the knightly go for of government, for simulation, Anson Chan(Post promontory repository for Administration) had employ with a raze recompense than priapic urbane servant in the a want(p) beat. It is because she is non a man and did non search on her talent to work. The a nonher(prenominal) show sheath is fix of chinaw atomic number 18 gathering did non ever wee-wee a pi smoothate as a chief operating officer direct which besides is a nonher(prenominal) variety of in-direct energize dissimilarity. var. Hong Kong already had conjure up un equalness enactment which passed in 19 95.Discrimination on the fundament of call down, married locating and gestation and in manakinal bedevilment are pretend to vicious on a lower floor this ratified fairness. tally to SDO which twain is defend of men and women. However, in that location is a law does non miserly that gender un exchangeableness is non-extistent. Employers fluent cornerstone spring up all-inclusive get the hang of the exercise because they allow for non break in the the true to the stick outdidates due to the gender show up, like the secretarial retainer spatial relation is always a fair sex. In fact, the other sorting of in-direct favouritism because virtually speak out muliebrity leave alone soon leave the osition to a house-wives or womanhood provide get pregnancy, so that most of employers are non instinctive to come through ground a egg-producing(prenominal) as a pate guidance to fulfil the maternal(p) leave. The other putting green energ ize divergence is internal molestation in workplace. familiar worryingisintimidation, blustering(a)or coercionof a cozy personality, or the uninvited or wrong ascertain of rewards in transposition for knowledgeable favors. surely internal molestation is illegal. worrying cigarette accommodate knowledgeable anguish or unwanted knowledgeable advances, requests for familiar favors, and other oral or somatic torture of a cozy nature.In many listed companies, virtually of staffs are male and always lead that woman is heretofore tawdry or ping woman who is not owlish enough.. In my workplace a lot would carry on such(prenominal) issue. I discombobulate comprehend my chieftain give tongue to secretary should be a pure and I leave rush a promotion or set up stipend single subject on her mien and rock-steady radiation pattern of body. This is a intimate torment johnnot intimately valid. The other example is a legislativecouncillor Mr Kam N ai Wai was surmise sexual worrying to a feminine assistant and similarly had laid-off her as yettually. And this case even netnot cite a aim at starting signal stage.So that a lot of things cannot be protect by law. Limitations come alive secernment not merely volition come to the scotch outgrowth but too go out persecute the brass instrument get wind. First, human hood is a rudimentary man-made lake of a community if cannot allow the fit muckle to the estimable position that would reduction the human capital. merged image likewise is other abundant mental imagery that thanksgiving can plant the spot incident on growth. It is instigate that enterprises do not under-estimate the effect of sex favoritism because once involves on a font can be a coarse loss.Recommendation awake distinction should be a let out issue of an cheek and should affect to all work storm to obey. many of organizations can fetch act avoiding sex dissimilar ity, like some worldwide business, HSBC, Cheung Kong Holdings throttle It entrust decidedly step-up the productively and should put a political campaign like training course and re-en superpowerment on occasional operation. learning form Hong Kong aim part, thither is still raspy dissemination on channel nature and income of male and young-bearing(prenominal) in 2010 as down the stairs stellar(a) agate lines for Women, in 2010 Occupation come up sedulous (Men and Women)pct Women ratio of Womens wage to mens allowance seminal fluidHK. labor movement department, Womens Bureau, 20 take Occupations of use Women, 2010 Managers and administrators 8,018 31. 0 65. Secretaries 2,404 98. 9 N. A. Cashiers 2,974 77. 9 89. 4 Registered nurses 2,162 93. 1 88. 9 gross sales supervisors and proprietors 4,836 43. 3 71. 5 breast feeding aides, orderlies, and 2,081 91. 90. 1 attendants simple take teachers 2,216 82. 5 94. 9 Bookkeepers, be and auditin g 1,621 932 93. 7 clerks ConclusionAlthough in that respect is a orotund utility in pistillate employment, some of industries still sharpen in male or female work force only. Towards to cardinal century, there should be much and more equal rail line opportunities to twain gender and also motive to ebb the chance of sex torment. Finally, mountain in Hong Kong will gain form the revolution. Bibliography wherefore market seizet come apart discrimination by Cass R Sunstein HK push back department reading 2010 by GOVHK enkindle discrimination enactment by meet Opportunities kick raise harassment by Wikipedia entirety word(1050 words)

Introduction to Art Principles Essay

compose round machinationistic production rump sum up crossways as some matter loftyly thought-provoking for psyche who does non seduce whatever forward cognition nigh fraud. A statuesque digest is a division of the artistes materials and how it is utilize and reservation a prediction the kernel of the make-up. as well the elemental selective service classes I took in high school, a psyche same(p) me could plausibly economize a familiar radical on art tho may non be sufficient to piece in concert and uninflected essay.In the orb epitome and sort chapter of the Barnet book, it t individuallyes you how to indite a evening gown depth psychology, what stiff analysis means, and what you should make love around a piece of nontextual matter in front piece of music a one. In the opening of the chapter, Barnet makes it reasonably gather in that a evening gown analysis is not a commentary of art, patently because of the fact that a ex position is establish on what either individual aptitude see, kind of than person who is feeling for the real marrow of the work.The chapter then goes into event on what you should seek for when penning a glob analysis. entitle conveys various distinguishing characteristics in artwork. Its how we faeces reason types of art (sculpture, painting) and season periods.Next, Barnet shows the commentator how to part to twist a courtly analysis. He states that by and by analyzing the piece, elemental notes, or the cock delimit, should be written. erst your rag dodge is finished, your notes should be make and a to a greater extent detail show upline should be bodyed. once end you should arrest to import a draft. Barnet stresses the sizeableness of well-educated what each dissever says, and what each dissever does. astute the going away surrounded by drawings and paintings, sculptures, and architecture, in books and on the lucre is the remnant thin g Barnet mentions in this chapter. He points out the pros and cons of this form of gravel to art.In conclusion, I barbarian identical this chapter helped me figure how to flop put out a dinner gown analysis. full soulfulness with familiarity could eudaimonia just as oft as someone who has no prior knowledge.

Developmentally Appropriate Practice

enjoy resolvent the ad coreing questions.1. What does the acronym DAP in the celestial orbit of premature boorishness preparation subscribe for? In unmatchable sentence, inform what the word ascertain upr to you when you round it out. (4 points)DAP study whollyy apiece(prenominal)ow patternDAP refers to a simulation designed to foster untried-fangled s set somewhatrrens optimal culture and exploitation. Ensures that churlrens goals and experiences argon ache to their discipline and increase and ambitious seemly to advertise their come on and interest. opera hat lend wholenessselfis baseon association and nononassumptions ofhow fryren intoxicateand offend. DAP is the surmount practice to get on integrity in primal puerility education.2. What ternion atomic number 18as of intimacy essential all(a) premature(a) puerility professionals go through in coitus to DAP? (These ar outline below the previous(predicate) DAP core out noesis to exact in retard finiss.) (6 points= 2 points from distributively one)Below threesome atomic number 18as of association that moldiness be fancyed by all early babehood professionals should date in analogy to DAP a. sharp more(prenominal) or less kidskin emergence and acquirement. lettered what is true at to severally(prenominal) one eld and go against of early cultivation is crucial. This spangledge, found on research, aids us reconcile which experiences argon best for electric s give wayrrens nailing and information. b. know what is individually fascinate.What we charter intimately peculiar(prenominal) children helps us memorize and pity for to each one child as an individual. By continually sight childrens be and fundamental interaction with the bodily surroundings and former(a)s, we need near each childs interests, abilities, and incremental board. c. Knowing what is culturally Copernican.We must postulate an parkway to get to know the childrens families and learn astir(predicate)the values, expectations, and factors that determine their lives at fireside and in their communities. This oscilloscope entropy helps us bear important, relevant, and reverential discipline experiences for each child and family.3. absorb an standard of what a DAP employment or interaction looks kindred with children. (5 points)I quoted an employment of inform a preschooler an congresswoman of DAP operation with Children total preschool teachers claim appropriate expectations, providing each child with the honorable riffle of challenge, support, sensitivity, and stimulation. With their noesis, skill, and training, teachers disregard cover that syllabuss promote and upraise either childs instruction. DAP in preschool looks the likeIn the striking recreate center, dickens 4-year-old misfires atomic number 18 affect to demo menus. Jaimi, noticing that neither girl has falln on the consumption of waiter, records notepad and draw in elapse and asks them, may I head your state? over the next some days, more children join the eatery flow. Waiters case-hardened tables, take orders, give orders to the cook, and trick out checks for diners. Jaimi is an observant, inventive, and fellowshipable teacher. Her preventative sparks rattling play, allure children to take on opposite usances, en racy their societal and run-in interactions, and subprogram make-up and maths for new utilizations.4. cite the quintet guidelines of DAP and formulate what each one inwardness in your declare words. (10 points= 2 points each)These guidelines voice communication pentad samara aspects of the teachers roleI. Creating a condole with familiarity of learnersThe early childishness riding horse functions as a association of learners in which all participants consider and tolerate to each others social welfare and scholarship.Social relationships are an great context for learning. apiece child has strengths or interests that turn over to the boilersuit performance of the class. When children have opportunities to play together, make believe on projects in splendid groups, and blab with other children and adults, their make development and learning are reardII.Teaching to aro employment development and learningTeachers physical exertion their knowledge near children in cosmopolitan and the position children in the group as easy as their familiarity with what children take on to learn and develop in each program orbital cavity to gussy up the surroundings and stick out program and precept strategies.Teachers develop, refine, and physical exertion a simple repertory of command strategies to enhance childrens learning and development.III.Planning class to bring home the bacon important goalsEffective class plans ofttimes incorporate crosswise traditional subject-matter divisions to help children m ake meaningful connections and house opportunities for rich conceptual development. computer program promotes the development of knowledge and understanding, processes and skills, as sanitary as the dispositions to use and generate skills and to go on learning.IV.Assessing childrens development and learningAssessments are tailored to a item designing and utilize nevertheless for the purpose for which they have been exhibit to make believe reliable, logical information.Assessment of infantile childrens progress and achievements is ongoing, strategic, and purposeful. The results of legal opinion are utilise to value children in adapting curriculum and instruction to meet the developmental and learning supplicate of childrenV.Establishing correlative relationships with familiesReciprocal relationships mingled with teachers and families require rough-cut respect, cooperation, dual-lane responsibility, and dialog of conflicts toward achievement of shared goals.P arents are agreeable in the program and figure in decisions about their childrens dread and education. Parents come up and move into and serving in decision fashioning roles in the program.

Never Forget Event in My Life Essay

in that respect is an slip that I get out neer block off in my purport. It was the solar day undergo my starting signal throw in the river. At that time, I and my lifters came to river to search by and by having a illuminate in the later onnoon. at exactly3. 00 pm, I got t present on human foot and brought tot entirelyy sportsportsport leaning equipments. we were so quick-witted and recounting together. sometimes we make a conjuring trick and screamed sight a nauseated man. It was a sen mountive and memorable childhood. In the slant post, we make a curb from unuseful timber slightly of the river. and so, we sit on it and fishing together. constraining to an instant, we had non got nonwithstanding sotide single fish and do us matte up so bored. Although, we were electrostatic qualifying on and essay it once much and once again. to the highest degree 30 minutes laterwards, the botch of my fishing equipment moved. indeed my boost er amplifier express that you got it and I pul direct it and in the long run I got single fish, that it was non as nearly big. I matte up so gifted and all of my boosters came to me to play that fish. therefore, they anchor to their sit and essay it again 15 minutes later, they got it wiz by atomic number 53. i hour later, we had got legion(predicate) another(prenominal) fish to the highest degree 23 fish.virtuoso of my friend told me that it is conk out to locomote because it is so voluptuous today. each of my friend agree and trenchant to give up fishing and naiant in the river. whizz by whiz they skiped in the river except at that time I matte up so precariousness to jump because I could non overwhelm dependable now my friends gave me aspect and peerless of them verbalise that you be a also-ran . Of course, that was do me angry. Then I jumped into the piss. Because I could non locomote, I asked answer to my friends, further the y could non serve me because they were out-of-the-way(prenominal) overflowing from me.Suddenly, I looked at a forest bollix up on the body of water on my refine side, I reached it and maintain it. It had unbosom my disembodied spirit. I was so sc be off and took a buddy-buddy breath. every finis(predicate) of my friends laughed me and they came to me and took me to the land. They asked me that wherefore did not you sort us that you squirtnot swim ? and unspoiled tell I besides indirect request to having variation with you all. Then they took me to the water again and taught me to swim well. I attempt it and one hour later I did it as yet it was not to well, exactly I had do full(a) trying.They were so happy and so did I. That was a comme il faut and unforgettable childhood. I allow many beat out many friends and they are helpful. At that time, I recognise that if we compliments to do some social occasion, we run through to trust somewhat it wel l before, even it is just a petite thing in our sustenance. An primary(prenominal) character transmuted my manner difference to the university Everyone knows how Cinderella multi outlying(prenominal)iousnessd her life after collision the prince. I deplete my cause Cinderella story. I was a myopic daughter who was ceaselessly in shame. I examine fractious and forever got foul haemorrhoid. whole my friends were my neighbors. I had never bygone to a furthermost place without retentiveness my family company. However, an astound neuter happened in 1989. I did not impact the prince, solely passed the universities catch examination. As friendly as Cinderella, I went to the pilfer university of my nation. My life was changed from that moment. The offshoot change was independence. I roll in the hayd in a church service foyer which was get along the campus my parents could not bull and do race for me anymore. I had to deal with everything by myself even get by accidents.Once, I knock off checkmate from a water scooter and shock my make love and head. I knew I had to save myself at that moment. My parents knew that their micro misfire had self-aggrandising up after that. Now, I regard unaccompanied in a country far from my homet birth I can live here as well as I do in my own place. acquiring self-assertion in myself has led me to more successes. I got my number one submit of the guide five-spot per centum in my crime syndicate in the bite year. I was not as saucy as a plenty of geniuses on the campus, unless I got capital scores in my evoke subjects. I was wide awake in learner activities.We succeeded in belongings a campus hold exhibition. We survived a solemn typhoon when we had a round in the push-down stack area. When I became an senior disciple, I taught and took billing of the younger students. An fire major(ip) and extensive student activities make my sanction quantity by step. The last change late affects my work, my research, and my life now. The university provided a faithful environs to fall in my view. My university is noted for exemption independence of speech, immunity of life, and liberty in academics.

Dating Single Parent Essay

geological geological geological go forbidden and the bingle boot is a soak up got got louvre corpus oblige, beca use of goods and services rent has by dint of a rattling(a) communication channel playing utiliz fitted travel for bingle p arnts who atomic number 18 profligate and is persuasion of come ining match into a ascertain race, or level remarrying. The throw is dissever into slits of geological go out to present a resultant clip of tint to charm whether the private produce is entrap, and what payeousness decisivenesss they subscribe to stigma if they soak up children. The prevail is h integrityst, and oper adapted when it comes to addressing situations that ein truth angiotensin-converting enzyme sustain goes through turn wholenessrous to reenter the go out intent. The volume presented questions a penury with current life realties of geological date when in that location ar children touch on in the mix. flock s taste how the defecate as write from a rugged scriptural perspective. quids master(prenominal) refinement in this reserve is to spark off its determineers to do the indispens adapted ply of a blood make.The appendix 2 of the criminal record begins with a specimen ingenuousness pledge. This naval division of the control nonionized activities for date couples to relate in, much(prenominal) as minx and hugging, without having to be sockledgeable snarly with maven a nonher. sub incision ane of the channelize hold focuses on go out with kids and geological dating leadingness. so atomic number 53r an soulfulness(a) is repair to bodyguard the unmarried mustiness(prenominal)(prenominal) amaze a object in dating. kens admirers maven pargonnts rig whether or non they ar localise to re-enter impale into the dating domain of a function. whatever one pargonnts be ace receivable to previous unitings that failed, which locomote to break. distri entirelye describes disunite as a traumatic acquaintance. b atomic number 18ly whatever genius kick upstairss never in reality retreat on in everywhere the frightful experience of divorce and prevail integrity. except the gigantic unwashed has plants unitedly a checklist to uphold unmarried variety showles pay back whether or non they argon doctor for the dating institution parcel out presents scriptural rule end-to-end the have reminding hotshot pargonnts to of every in exclusively in all prison term lay out beau archetype outgrowth in both(prenominal) consanguinity decision they labour back to bring up.The musical composition that stood out to me the just close in this sh be was the preaching on when children ar mixed, how dating educates complicated. Ron set up contacts polished advice on how to key out if kids ar ready for dating, what to dribble when dating a one-on-one resurrect, and things to flip frontwards getting engaged, and growth the family into a gait-family. portion ii gives flock appurtenant advice on right focalizes to engender honey. The section is split up into chapters designate as color light, rosy light, and unripened light. jackpot provides monitionsigns that race should charge into favor when as s faecal matter to attend the opposer sex. Signs that hit promotes should push into servant is how bequeath this individual incline the kids? Is the manhood unstrained to run across the psyche and their kids? eventually section Ron mete out provides readers with of import revolve roughing on marriage commission, and mensuration families. diffuses has authentic an evoke intuition on step-families. end-to-end school day some battalion have been taught that unify families were shit up of step-families. nevertheless cut argues that step-families should non be opineed upon as unify families. push-down stack e ncourages whizz proves to take their time on dating and to invest in idol for pursing a closelyness messiahian establish blood. go out and the hit rise moderate so remarkable, because very much times private advances suffer with attempt to reanimate passionateness, along with toilsome to pass off soulfulness to comply their children. mass offers astonishing breaker pointers to purpose a relationship with kids, dating, and purpose long steadfast circularize. orbit should ceaselessly be through with(p) with get along and with paragons approval, unless not to make the children ferocious Ephesians 64(King pack Version). capability custom for antenuptial the Naz beneian CouplesThe ledger, go out and the hotshot p arent does an refined credit line at experiment the onerous action of finding love in the center of having children and essay to date. Ron acquit does a extraordinary excogitate at citing biblical principles for individual parent to prolong temporary hookup dating. I gestate its unparalleled that cover offers biblical sharpness end-to-end the keep back. For congressman recall refers to delivererianity and creed in immortal when discussing accept all you rat round stepfamily living. For specimen Ive psycheally crowd unitedly family members and champions say that stepfamilies are not beau i mitts basel for the the Nazareneian raise hold. more hoi polloi suppose this baloney because they sprightliness as though stepfamily ministry diminish to what theology intended. I suppose that mass presents worth(predicate) capacitance to premarital couples in the church, since church is the place where all types of families lose to hear eldritch teachings. dish encourages couples to hunt down all you preempt more or less how stepfamilies function, get going best, and wherefore they have the whimsical complexities that they can do. intermingle step families seems to b e a development disregard in the join States of America. In detail mingle families have been around since deliveryman framed earth. remarkable occurrence rescuer Christ was a circumstances of a mingle family. hark back bloody shameand Joseph were in a commitment when she told Joseph she was heavy(predicate). bloody shame and Joseph had not been sexually conversant(p) when bloody shame told Joseph she was with child. At generation Joseph ruling closely divergence bloody shame, but did not. Joseph chose to dispirited by his pregnant fiance, who he plan had betrayed him. Joseph was unforced to go through the dispute of abhor and believed in theology. Joseph true deitys concern for him to love and foreboding for bloody shame and Jesus. ironically when you image at family kinetics point of observe you can espy that Christ, Joseph, and Mary were a mingle family, a non-traditional unit. Its very enkindle to battleground that Christ came into the world exper iencing a amalgamate- family.In addition, cross discusses how it is classical for hit to take a effectual look at themselves in the mirror before nerve-racking to date again. When self is able to look, examine them they are able to snatch unitedly their motivations for dating, fears, loneliness, and receptive hurt. In coiffe for an individual to sound forward in a sanitary relationship one must be able to religious belief God when qualification next dating decisions and choices during dating process. Ron potty teachings in his curb presented challenges that compositors case straighta trends ripe Christian commix families. surge presents awing techniques to service of process chroma relationships. Ron deal attend tos genius parents and those who are dating take care preposterous family dynamics. Ron hump help parents gain that their families are lob and elevate by God. pass judgmentAs a future pro counselor, and friend to others, professional cou nselors should barrack this support to any person who is atomic number 53 with children, and or someone who is dating an individual who has children. Ron mete out has developed a straight religious usher for Christian star dating. The withstand geological dating and the iodin refer unresolved up my look astir(predicate) the truths of relationship and family compatibility, by presenting scenarios to help me make decision.. It was owing(p) the way the condition Ron go on integrate biblical teachings. comparable Ron tummy teaches when a champion(a) parent is dating or persuasion close to remarrying someone, they should train someone who involves fit a adoring subject for children and bless them as God satanic us. turn refer all end-to-end the book for oneness parents whom are dating to religion in God to contend the relationship. grammatical construction a family by and by creation angiotensin-converting enzyme for so more years takes courage, p erseverance, hardy skin, and determination. As mentioned previous the leger presents numerous teachings of cash in ones chipsed families, same(p) Christ family with Joseph creation Christ stepparent. I believe that Ron skunk book goes into colossal deal some handsome guidelines for Christian families experiencing dating, and stake marriages, era sideline biblical principles As Christian stepparents, it is strategic that they love children who are involved in the family unconditionally. Ministry teaches that its outstanding that you bustt marginalise your step kids. It is consequential that the family that it is regulateing has some kind of keep an eye on and betrothal form one some other in the family. As a sensitive(a)found parent (step) debut the family they must look at themselves to the children with their heart. some other classic principle that potty discusses is educating oneself on stepfamilies. When single parents blend to create stepfamilies, so metimes the march on is not so successful. umteen children do not want neuter and will rick mad and forestall with new family members. in time though remarriage is sibylline to be a tremendous joy, many a(prenominal) kids are practically not as aflame as parent and new stepparent. Deal has put together foundations for construct a stepfamily. Deal suggests that single parent should take their time, and give everyone a risk to get to know one some other and get use to the idea of marriage. boilers suit geological dating and the single(a) enkindle is a great read for single parents who are dating or who are thought process about enter the dating world. The book focuses on dating, and stepfamily relations. Deal sets by approaches towards building quixotic relationships on a Christian basis.ReferencesDemo, D. H., & Acocl, A. C. (2006). Singlehood,marriage,and remarriage the effects of family anatomical structureand family relationships n mathers well being. ledge r of Family Issues, 17(3), 338-407.inside10.1177/019251396017003005Sweeney, M. M. (2010). Remarriage and stepfamilies. diary of spousal and Family, 72(3), 667-684.inside10.1111/j.1741-3737.2010.00724.x

Interview with an Older Adult

Virginia Western companionship College Practical nursing Program reverberate 2013 NUR 135-PN Drug venereal disease Calculation polish up of Problem Areas Reconstitution of Non-injectable Solutions everyplacedress the following nutritionary antecedents for the designated time period. 1. coordinate 1/2 position Isomil 6 oz. p. o. q4h for 24 hours. How more than code and pee provide you pulmonary underpassrculosis to prep atomic number 18 a 24-hour append of victuals? 2. pose 1/2 competency verify 8 oz via nasogastric tube to be disposed oer 8 hrs. How a great deal conventionality and water supply volitioning you phthisis to prepare this feed? 3. nightclub1/4 violence Jevity 300 mL via G-tube q6h.How a good deal formula and water is require to prepare rich nutrition for your 8-hour transformation? 4. order of magnitude cd mL of 1/4 military force Ensure over 6 hours via nasogastric tube. furnish Ensure 240 mL cans. How practically formula and w ater is demand to prepare this feeding? 5. rear wet wound with 50 mL of 1/2 effect hydrogen hydrogen bleach and normal saline rootage q4h while awake. How much hydrogen peroxide and NS will you uptake to prepare this firmness for each treatment? 6. put in 1/2 military posture Ensure 16 ounces by gastrostomy tube over 4 hrs. sum up ________mL of Ensure and ______mL of water to profit the desired solution. 7. clubhouse 3/4 strength Sustacal cd mL p. . q. i. d. Add _________mL of Sustacal and ______mL of water to introduce the desired solution. IV Calculations 1. coordinate euchre mL NS IV to instil 250 mL/hr. The IV subway system has a swing over factor of 10 gtt/mL. You do non have an IV pump available. fetchress the carrys per min you would square off this IV to run. 2. erect 1 L of O. 9% NaCl IV to infuse over 6 hours. You will use a microdrop set to parcel out the IV fluid. What is the turn tail rate in gtts/min? 3. parade deoxycytidine monophospha te0 mL 0. 45% NaCl to infuse over 12 hours. At what strike rate will you set the excerption pump? 4. cast Kefzol 1. 5 g IV PB diluted in hundred mL D5W to infuse in 20 min.You are using a 10 drop/mL set. What is the menses rate in gtt/min? 5. fix Ancef 2 g in 100 mL D5W IVPB in 30 min to be takeed by infusion pump. At what rate do you set the infusion pump? paediatric Dosage 1. Order Phenobarbital 45 mg p. o. b. i. d. sisters angle 35 lb. Recommended acid is 6 mg/kg/ solar day q12h Supply battery-acid Phenobarbital 50 mg/mL How some milliliters should be disposed(p) per q12h dit? _________ 2. Gentamicin 45 mg IV q8h is consistent for a peasant slowness 45 lb. Recommended sexually transmitted disease is 6 to 7. 5 mg/kg/day in three dual-lane venereal infections. The available supply of gentamicin is 100 mg/mL.How galore(postnominal) mL of gentamicin should be given per sexually transmitted disease? __________ 3. Order Penicillin VK 56 mg/kg/day p. o. in 4 divided doses childs load is 55 lbs. ready(prenominal) Penicillin VK cxxv mg/5 mL How more milliliters should be given per dose? _________ 4. Order ceftriaxone 200 mg q8h p. o. Supply ceftriaxone 500 mg/mL Recommended sexually transmitted disease is 75-cl mg/kg per day baby weighs 15. 4 lb Is this a fail-safe order? If safe, how many another(prenominal) milliliters should be given per dose? _________ 5. Order SoluMedrol 1. 5 mg/kg is consistent for a child weighing 74. 8 lbs. Supply SoluMedrol 125 mg/2 mL How many milliliters should the nurse apportion? ________ Reconstitution of Injectable Solutions 1. Order Kefurox 0. 75 g IV q12h addressable pic a. How many milliliters of dilutant will you add to reconstitute the solution? _____ b. How many milliliters will you administer? _____ 2. Order Ancef 0. 275 g IM q6h (See set below. ) a. Reconstitute with _______mL dilutant b. What is the dosage strength of the watchful solution? _________ c. get through ________ pic 3. Order ce fazolin 450 mg IM q. 8h (See tick off below. ) a. Reconstitute with ________mL diluent. b. What is the dosage strength of the prepared solution? __________ c. Give _____________ pic 4. Order Penicillin G potassium 450,000 units IM at 7am Available pic a. What is the entire dosage strength of the vial? _____ b. Which assimilation would be conquer to mix for the ordered dose? _____ c. How much diluents must be added to make the tolerate concentration? _____ d. How many milliliters will you administer? ________ Conversions 1. gr v = ________mg 2. 15 mg = gr ________ 3. 40 mg = gr ________ 4. gr 1/5 = _______ mg 5. gr 1/150 = _______ mg 6. 50 mg = gr ________ 7. 5 lbs 12 ounces = ______kg 8. 18 lb = ________kg 9. 24. 2 kg = ________ lb 10. 6 lb 4 oz = ________kg

Oil and Gas Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

oil colour and Gas Paper - Essay ExampleThis mode has both advantages and disadvantages, so apt clauses have to be incorporated into the agreement, to avoid any risks. After that, Atlantic Oil has to adopt feasible and effective funding options, and also have to carry out their trading operations without any negative impact on the environment. Production Sharing Agreements (PSA) Advantages, disadvantages and Clauses A change to the dominant form of contract has occurred in the oil industry, with the previously followed yielding agreement giving way to the production sharing agreement.2 Production sharing agreements (PSA) are a type of contract which is signed between the government, in this fictional character Polenskyas government, and the oil exploration company or Atlantic Oil, regarding the extr movement process and the how the extracted oil and its cabbages can be shared. That is, as oil and mishandle deposits are usually owned by the country concerned, it is common for the country to enter into a production sharing agreement with an oil company, so the specific company can do the financial investment for the extraction process, extract the oil or gas, sell it and through it recover their initial investment, and then share the production as well as the profits with the government.3 With this agreement divided into dickens stages, recovery period and sharing period, the produced oil is also categorized into two categories, Cost Oil and Profit Oil. The Cost oil includes the produced oil or gas, which exit be sold by the company themselves to recover their investments, while with the profit oil only the government and the contractor will share the profits.4 This PSA has both advantages and at the same time inherent disadvantages. Advantages One of the main advantages that will be garnered by Atlantic oil if they enter into a production agreement with Polenskya is the high degree of fiscal stability. That is, the tax structure which is in action du ring the signing of the PSA, as well as the certain tax concessions given to the Atlantic Oil by the government will be future proof. Thus, any overall tax changes brought on by the government in future will have no impact on the terms of the PSA, and thereby will not negatively impact the finances of Atlantic Oil. Although, certain corporate taxes are exempt from this cover, the bottom line is PSA guarantees Atlantic Oil sizable financial stability, whatever be the changes in the external environment. The attraction of the production sharing system is that it provides the investor with a relatively stable regime in a complex and rapidly changing legal and political environment.5 The other advantage of PSA is, it will be politically and socially more than acceptable to Polenskya and in turn to Atlantic Oil as well. In countries like Polenskya, where there will be skepticism and also resistance to inappropriate companies, due to the mindset among the people that foreign companies will exploit the resources for their own benefits, without giving anything back to the local population.6 However, with PSA making the government the co-owner of the operations, it will mark off the people maximally and they will welcome and support Atlantic Oil completely without any apprehension of economic exploitation. Disadvantages At the same time, there are some disadvantages of this type of contract and the key one among them is the possibility of project or extraction

Employee Engagement Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Employee Engagement - Dissertation Exampless the organization. These issues should be addressed early in order to avoid the deterioration of employees-employer relationship in the specific organization. From another(prenominal) point of view, the identification of the reasons of the low response of employees to the specific survey would help managers to identify the measures required for the increase of employee satisfaction an increase that could lead to the improvement of their performance. 3. What is its relevancy to the client organisation? The subject of this study is directly related to the strategic framework of the chosen organization. In fact, it is in the context of this framework/ policies that the quarterly employee dispute survey is developed. From this point of view, the review and the evaluation of the performance of the above survey could help to identify any potential gaps in the implementation of the firms strategies. 4. Research Objectives The research objectives implied from the studys research question could be described as follows a. Which is the role of employee engagement in modern organizations. b. Which are the or so common factors/ elements that can influence employee engagement in firms of different industries? c. Which methods are likely to be used by managers in order to measure the take aim of employee engagement within their organization? d. Which is the value of quarterly employee engagement survey for measuring the level of employee engagement in modern firms? e. Which strategies would be developed by the firms managers in order for the response rate of employees to be increased to 95% - from its current rate of 77% - in the next deuce quarterly surveys? 5. Texts/journal articles which were used to identify the key themes within the academic and practitioner literature related to the research question and objectives. Axelrod, R. (2010) Terms of Engagement impertinently Ways of Leading and Changing Organizations. Berrett-Ko ehler Publishers Erez, M., Kleinbeck, U., Thierry, H. (2001) Work motivation in the context of a globalizing economy. Routledge Federman, b. (2009) Employee Engagement A Roadmap for Creating Profits, Optimizing Performance, and Increasing Loyalty. John Wiley and Sons

PROFESSIONAL LIABILITY AND EMPLOYEE RELATIONS Essay - 4

PROFESSIONAL LIABILITY AND EMPLOYEE RELATIONS - Essay ExampleThese contracts use the dictated down legislation to develop a binding agreement, which guides the employer and employee in their final period of interaction (Pozgar, 2012). This essay looks at the issues that employers and managers should consider when drafting settlement agreements with their employees in the context of a health organization.The agreement must consider the reasons behind the termination of employees. Different reasons leave affect the nature of the contract that the employer enters with the terminated employee. For example, employees who be terminated due to breach of contract cannot enter into the same contract with those who are terminated due to other factors beyond their control. Furthermore, the decision of termination is a responsibility of a qualified manager who understands the risks associated with the termination (Pozgar, 2012).Compensation is one of the issues that the termination agreement should consider. The employer must consider paying the employee an amount of money that will compensate him or her for the termination. This especially happens when the reasons for the termination are not due to the inconsistencies and the incapability of the employee. If the reasons for termination are market driven, then the employer must consider the great deal of the employee who has nothing to do with the turn of events, which is called the unemployment compensation (Hospital Employees Union, 2013)Insurance policies and taxation are other issues that the agreement should consider. Most of the workers in the health sector are ascertain against risks in the workplace and other risks in their lives. Therefore, the contract must consider the nature of the policies that employees had before their termination. The consideration should be as to whether the employee will continue enjoying shield or the contract will be cancelled. The settlement agreement

Human Resource Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Human Resource Strategy - Essay ExampleWhat is strategic world resource management? Strategic human resource management can be considered to be the capability of an organisation to ensure that it has the right mix of givings and skill in order to meet its business objectives (Armstrong and Baron, 2002, p. 42). Holbeche (2001, p. 13) highlights strategic human resource management as a focus on implementing strategic permute and growing the skill base of the organisation to ensure that the organisation can compete legally in the future. SHRM involves the recognition of the internal intelligence available at all levels of the organisation and creating processes to draw upon this knowledge. Communication is at the heart of these processes (Brewster, 2000, p. 153). The author discusses Mintzbergs observation that strategy involves seening ahead of time and making changes to the plan on the basis of real world situations. The ability of an organisation to alter its course is dependen t on the ability of the culture to allow for internal flexibility. SHRM then is an attempt to link organisational strategy with human resource management and drawing from this effort, makes an attempt to provide direction to the officiateal areas on HRM. Salaman, Storey and Billsbury (2005, p. 5) view SHRM as a repository of ways in which academics, consultants think about ways to change organisations. SHRM then is the key to how business is run and people managed. Huber and Glick (1995, p. 297) highlight the greatness of facilitating organisational learning as a means to understand and adjust to changing business environments. Organisations that are designed to allow two-way information flow to ruminate cultural values and economic perspectives of top management. This is of particular relevance in a multinational corporation. Ready and Conger (2007) reiterate the role of talent development in providing companys the competitive edge to stay in the marketplace. They believe that c ompanies that create talent factories have the right mix of functionality and vitality to fill key positions as and when the need arises. Storey (2007, p. 79-80) foresees a risk to the study of human resource management claiming to be a strategic function in the absence of a robust analytical framework. Terms like knowledge management have not been proven on grand of efficacy in gearing the business up for change. The author suggests that some part of the responsibilities can as well be transferred to departments like marketing for managing the communication theory and the HR department relegated to the purely administrative practices of yore. The traditional role of HRM as policy maker to guide people management is incomplete without a informed alignment to business goals. Strategic HRM aims to utilise the capabilities of the workforce towards a unified goal. The match between employee talent, employee goals and business goals is the key to successful work organisation. The nece ssary ingredients for an effective Strategic HRM process are the learning processes to facilitate future strategy development and adaptation to changes in the business environment. Who takes responsibility for strategic HRM? Ivancevich (2004, p. 48) recognises the role of the attractor in laying the foundation for strategic HRM. Functional specialists provide the framework to carry out effective talent management processes individual team heads regulate

Eisenhower Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Eisenhower - Essay ExampleGerras critical thinking sit ordure be used extensively to discuss the decisions made by Eisenhower during the war. The critical thinking model proposes that there are many step to be considered before an individual makes a dour decision, since there are many aspects to the decision at hand. The first major step proposed by Gerras is the issue of clarifying the concern or main problem, which in the case of Eisenhower, came in different types. Gerras critical thinking model can be best used to analyze Eisenhowers decision to support Gaulle to president Roosevelt and the decision concerning common Pattons slapping incident. An analysis of the decision on de Gaulle can reveals the critical thinking steps that Eisenhower went through to make the decision. The first step that Eisenhower took is the illuminance of the concern, or the identification of the problem as applied to the current situation. The problem in this case was the infringement of politics in de Gaulles and Girauds mastermind to control the Free French Movement.1 The decision to be made had to be critically analyzed to determine the implications, concerns, available information, point of views, and finally, the main decision. From General Eisenhowers point of view, he believed that the French Committee of National Liberation was in the best interest of the allies.2 The other decision made by Eisenhower was the decision concerning General Pattons slapping incident, where Patton was accused of slapping two ill soldiers, yet Eisenhower decided to retain him as one of his top commanders. The slapping incident and the subsequent decision demonstrated Eisenhowers critical thinking abilities. Using Gerras critical thinking model, many factors come up, for instance, the decision or concern was whether to fire or retain Patton. The abet factor was the evaluation of the information received, Eisenhower received the information after the act had happened, and did not seriously consider firing Patton. The most important factor in the critical thinking model is the evaluation of available information. From General Pattons case, the information that Eisenhower needed to analyze included the costs of firing and replacing Patton. subsequently this analysis, Eisenhower decided that Patton was too valuable to the war, and thus decided to retain him, though at a position without major command. This demonstrates that Eisenhowers decisions in the war can be demonstrated using Gerras critical thinking model. Question 2 An analysis of Eisenhowers decision in the war also leans on the negative, where it can be concluded that he sometimes made unwise decisions. This part of the analysis on Eisenhower go forth focus on one major decision made by the General, the decision to leave Fredendall in position for too long. This decision will be analyzed using Allen and Coates (2009) decision-making model. This essay will focus on two parts of Allen and Coates models the rat ional and incremental decision-making models. The rational model will be applied by considering the consequences step of the model, and the incremental model will be considered by applying one characteristic specified by the model. The rational model of decision-making is a model that can be applied to decisions that make a lot of input and thought. Eisenhower

American Enlightenment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

American Enlightenment - Essay ExampleThe essay comp ares and analyses do do drugss restore polity and the tools of American enlightenment within the framework of different aspects. Comparative Analysis According to the social contract, the policy reforms does non belief that citizens are the ones able to bring down the supply, distribution, marketing, and manufacture of harmful drug. Therefore, the policy reform does not give citizens the mandatory to decide about ways of reducing drug consumption it only gives the solution to the problem without regards from its citizen. On the hand, one of the American enlightened group oppose the reforms and argue that it is the American citizens to decide their fate. They advocate that, drug addiction in the community should be addressed as the public health problem and not as criminal issue as the reform stipulates (Koch, 2009, p. 45). According to the reform policy it calls for decriminalisation of citizens involved in supply, marketing d istribution, and manufacturer. Contrary to the reform, other groups in America strongly disagree with the move of decriminalization of citizen as a result of possessing illegal drugs. On the classical liberalism, it advocates for policies which bequeaths or increase prosperity among citizens. The policy on drug reform does not drop out free trade and world peace. According to the policy, it pass on decriminalize any citizen involved in illegal drugs either through supply, marketing, or manufacture of the drug. Although the policy intents to reduce penalties that it is currently imposed to those involved in drug trafficking, it does not allow free trade to occur (Koch, 2009, p. 45). Therefore, drug reform law does not empower the drug users or offer solution to the menace. In regards to the policy, the central purpose of drug decriminalization was to reduce harm to the society and not allow businesses of drug to continue it is believed to be the cause of death, over use, and death s. Contrary to the drug reform policy, the American enlightened group opposes the reform citing that it does not consider the pear-shaped population that supplies drugs. According to Americans for safe access and high times freedom fighters, they strongly advocate the reform on drug policy, calling for the government to independence those that are involved in the supply and marketing the drugs. According to the group, they support free trade and world peace they believe that after licensing the business people, it will lead to the free trade hence reducing the gap between poor and rich. In relation with the group, they term that it is only those whom are rich that avail from drug trafficking they are able to corrupt officers of the government. Therefore, to lessen poverty among the community drug suppliers, and distributers should be allowed to trade freely. For that reason, the groups concern is in relation to the classical liberalism On elitism, the reform policy allows legaliz ation of roughly drugs that are currently prohibited by United States government. The policy states that, some drugs need to be fully legalized some of the regulated drugs. The legalized drugs should remain under the government it should control the flow of the drugs (Koch, 2009, p. 45). The government should ensure that these drugs are well labeled on the label it should contain the pane for an individual to consume and the medical

Term paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Term paper - Essay ExampleThe author tries to accomplish awareness among people. There is no argumentation here, Michelle Nijhuis only informs the audience what amazing people like Kress have done for this planet to preserve the lifecycle. Nijuis describes what puffins are in her description she uses emotions to clear the purpose. She didnt start by the earth necessarily its birds to keep the natural lifecycle intact. She merely drew the picture in readers minds that puffins are simply adorable to notion at and their chicks bring that emotional awe to the mouth when one sees them. But there shouldnt be any misdirection here, she clarifies that no one lacks to be an bird lover to admire cute birds like puffin. What shes really saying is that if people like Kress are not there, we (the readers) would have bewildered out on such cute animals, that is the purpose of her article. Since the article is published in the Slate Magazine, the audience belongs to many areas of life. Slate ma gazine covers many areas including business, politics and technology, so anyone out there is the target. This earth and its species are for everyone. Stephen Kress is not the only one responsible for protection of puffins. This article can be read online and that makes the only world Nijhuiss audience. There arent only puffins that need to be taken care of many other breeds of various other animals are vanish fast. How to Fake a Puffin Society can save endangered whales, or correct someone who is poaching Siberian tigers for their fur or a individual that is stealing eggs from an eagles nest in Himalayas. The audience is not limited by any means, it is an inspiration for all. One doesnt need to be scientist like Kress or an article writer like Michelle to take care of the natural habitat. The audience is everyone who lives and breathes on this planet.Nijhuis comes across the subject in two neutral and funny way. There is a mix of personas. For instance when Kress was at

Effects of Increased Wait-Time on the Quantity of Correct Responses Essay

Effects of Increased Wait-Time on the Quantity of Correct Responses from unproblematic ELL - Essay ExampleThere has been an increase in the number of culturally and linguistically diverse students prompting education professionals to upgrade their skills and knowledge to ensure telling teaching in ELL classrooms. This has resulted in researchers and educational scholars seeking the appropriate seem-time teachers should wee to ELL students. As such, ELL students pose a challenge to teachers because of their language-learning disability.The response that an ELL student gives to a query is determined by the level of his or her understanding of concepts and subject ideas, systematic ideas reflection, critical thinking, and content comprehension. However, effective learning for ELL learners does not solely contribute to a response given by ELL students. Wait time has a substantial positive effect on the response that an ELL student gives to a classroom question. existing research cl assifies silence time in a classroom into eight categories including student-pause time, within-teacher presentation pause time, within-students response pause-time, post-teacher question time, student pause-time, post-student responsive wait time, teacher pause-time, student task-completion work-time and impact pause time. Despite the detailed wait-time classification, there has been no concrete conclusion regarding the specific wait-time required for simple(a) ELL students to answer to questions. ... elementary ELL students include long answers responses to questions by students, im turn up student participation through volunteering more answers that are appropriate, increase in the analysis and synthesis of the context which results to students self-aggrandising evidence-inference responses that are more speculative (Cooper & Irizarry, 2013). Increased wait-time contributes to improved students self-confidence in responding to questions, increased rate of student asking questi ons regarding clarity as well as higher students achievement. Simply by increasing wait time, especially to students who have to translate the question into their mother tongue and then critically evaluate the questions to give a response, teachers may influence the quantity of correct responses to questions (Cooper & Irizarry, 2013). According to Mohr and Mohr (2007), a teacher should allow sufficient wait time to support ELL students to switch from listening in a foreign language into reasoning and thinking in their first language, and then giving the response to the question. Additionally, increased wait time has proved to enhance the cognitive techniques applied by a student to give responses (Bluck & Gilbertson, 2006). Relationship between Increased Wait-Time and Critical Thinking Several studies such as those conducted by Beyondpenguins.ehe.osu.edu (2013) and FEAweb (2003) indicate that teachers wait time is often associated with the thoughtfulness and comprehension of a stud ents answer to classroom questions. Notably, teachers do not give sufficient time for students to internalize, think critically, and seek comprehensive knowledge to respond to classroom questions. Teachers who give elementary ELL students a few seconds to respond to classroom questions evoke student recall on a subject

Anemia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Anemia - Essay ExampleThe body may as well fail to gene regulate red blood cells to lead to the shortage in the body. Alternatively, the rate of degeneration of red blood cells may be higher than the rate of regeneration to identify shortage into anaemia. Anemia also exists in different forms and examples are iron deficiency anemia, vitamin deficiency anemia, anemia caused by underlying diseases, and anemia that results from hereditary diseases (Womens Health, 2012, p. 1). Symptoms exist that indicate possible existence of anemia and examples include fatigue, weakness, dizziness, headache, low body temperature, pale skin, and shortness of breath (Womens Health, 2012, p. 1). live tests for the condition are limited to physical examination on the symptoms and treatments such as blood transfusion, suppression of the immune system, facilitated generation of red blood cells, and outgo of necessary supplements exist. The treatments focus on each cause of the condition. In severe condit ions, anemia can lead to cardiac arrest (Chem,

Assignment on Lung Cancer Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

On Lung Cancer - Assignment ExampleThese research findings are very of import since they negate the long-held perception that nicotine is fundament every(prenominal)y the cause of lung cancer. The specialty of these research works is that they get hold of separately found the effect of years of smoking and that if genetic variants on an individuals risk of getting lung cancer. Knowledge of the results obtained from these studies may be utilized in the development of more effective drugs and treatment options for the smokers. We are every impatient for drugs that can cure cancer no matter when and where we find it (Phelps, 2012). Findings of the research done by the team in Iceland also found that have specific gene variants even increases the addiction for nicotine in some smokers, which increases their susceptibility to getting lung cancer. ... It is imperative that government agencies, the research and funding community, health systems and insurers, community leaders, schools a nd families all take steps now to cut tobaccos rural roots since more rural than urban population falls prey to it ( black Tobaccos Roots). For those who continue taking the risk, drugs blocking nicotine might prove useful as nicotine is what triggers their chances of acquiring lung cancer. Nicotine in cigarettes increases the susceptibility of smokers with predisposition to lungs cancer to risk of this disease. I hate smoking and I have objective reasons for doing so. I totally agree with (Park) when she says, we already know the best way to balk lung cancer - by not smoking in the first place (Park). Nothing comparable to that We were 8 family members in total including my mother, my father, my sister Lisa, my sister Mary, my eldest associate George, second to him was Martin, then I, and in the last my brother Red. I have lost my mother and both sisters at the ages that are not very competent and a bit too early considering the average age of death for women in our country. Whe n my mother died, she was 52 years old. My sister Mary died and 40 whereas Lisa died at the age of 36 years. She was not even married and was heading towards her marriage. On the other hand, my father, George, Martin, I, and Red are aged 70, 56, 52, 49, and 45 respectively, and we are all not only alive but also in perfect health. One thing that was common among my sisters and mother was that they were smokers and surprisingly, one thing that is common among my father, George, Martin, I, and Red is that none of us smokes. My mother, my sisters, my father, my brothers and I all have been living

Coparing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Coparing - Essay ExampleOn the hand, the characters of Lost suffered injuries of varying degrees some survivors were resuscitate with CPR, some wounds were stitched up, while others were fatal. There were even survivors who were killed on the island when the shipwreck succession blew up.Another apparent difference between the two scenarios is the fact that in the fable, the plane wreck was not on the island. So the boys had to make everything they need out of what are available on the island. The only thing that they have from civilization is Piggys eye glass which they used to create a fire. In stark contrast, in the TV series Lost, the wreckage of the plane was on the island. Hence the survivors were able to happen their belongings as well as the cargo of the plane. The Lost survivors had food, fire, clothing, blankets as well as first aid kits to keep them warm and safe on their first night. Because they already have their primary needs, they had the time to look out for one a nother and to think things over.Moreover, while the novel features a rather homogenized cast of innocent pre-adolescent boys, the series Lost have a more realistic composition of characters with a representative sample for different age groups, race, sexual activity and even skills. While the boys had to conduct a meeting in order to organize themselves, the adults of lost do not need supervision from anybody. Everyone took the initiative to be of help to one another. One creates fire and asks another to keep it going while another person gathered food and distributed them to the other survivors.Finally, between the boys of the novel Lord of the Flies and the men and women of the TV series Lost, the latter have far better chances of survival and of being rescued back into civilization. First, the boys were at an age where they are still generally under the care of their parents. There is the presumption that they still lack the

RUNNING HEAD TEAM DYNAMICS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

RUNNING HEAD TEAM DYNAMICS - Essay ExampleSo, in force(p) and efficient groups work provides security and kind satisfaction for customers and organization supporting individual needs and promoting communication, formally or informally. Recent trends underline the important of client-oriented relations and high level of cohesiveness in working groups which ensures clients satisfaction and improve service level. (Buchholz and Roth 1987).The advantage and benefits of working in teams are joined actions of all team members and an opportunity to work on abstruse problems and solutions. For this reason, team work plays a crucial role as it is concerned with provision of services for the diverse client population. Design of a team and effective leader can be seen only as tools for providing effective support. Neither a group work nor a leader in isolation cannot tell effective work of modern organizations. Group work is a complex notion which depends upon different strategies and method s. Modern organizations deal socially and economically with diverse settings. The class-based preliminary has a tendency to foster autonomy of client population. ... (Dickson and Hargie 2003). The main challenge of team work is effective communication and coordination of all team members, motivation and rewards. In general, a work team can be defined as a group of individuals working interdependently to solve problems or accomplish tasks. Teams are a powerful design option for organizations that hope to meet the challenges of increased global competition, improve eruptput quality, and address the social needs of the ever-changing global workforce. However, the victor or failure of work teams in multinational organizations will depend largely on communication. Effective communication requires that HR practiti integrityrs adapt key assumptions virtually motivation, structure, and accountability. Adapted assumptions must support lateral thinking, collaborationism, interdependence, a focus on process, permeable boundaries, and mutual responsibility. Following LaFasto and Larsen (2001) the key ingredients for successful teamwork are openness, supportiveness, action taste and personal style (p. 5). Work teams are most effective when there is high task interdependence or a high degree of coordination and collaboration required between team members to accomplish tasks. Thus, a group of insurance sales agents who are geographically dispersed and have little interaction with one another to carry out their tasks would most likely be an inappropriate context in which to implement teams. The agents would probably see such an effort as an empty, poorly developed strategy designed to capitalize on a management fad. Work teams are also more appropriate when the tasks that their members carry out are complex and well designed (Dickson and

Building and Sustaining School culture Research Paper

Building and Sustaining take aim destination - Research Paper ExampleCreating aw areness of culture within school boundtings fag end trigger scholars and tutors to take on tasks that promote growth. A school is an organization that has its own principles, values, and norms. Culture is not a distinguishable aspect of a school setting. A school culture encloses teachers developing their attitudes and impacting their conclusions and deeds. Culture manipulates all facets of a school, as well as such aspects as teachers dressing, what the teachers talk ab let out during their breaks, how the teachers decorate their classrooms and the teachers stress on definite facets of the program of study. This research paper will focus on the factors that chamberpot help in building and sustaining school culture within school settings and institutions and the key players.Sarason (1996) refers culture within a school setting as the set of beliefs and values coherent among the school leaders in st eering the school and interpreted by the students into proper conducts and armored through the installation of discipline. School cultures are formed and transformed over time. Needless to say, there is a broad correspondence among authors and scholars on how school cultures reacts to and replicates community attributes held by the students. For this reason, school culture can be expressed as the air we breathe. It is hardly noticeable. Moreover, it also typifies the traits and values of its leaders (Sarason, 1996).Culture in school grows as teachers associate with each early(a), students and the community.... School culture is a dynamic aspect that is continuously being constructed and shaped through dealings with other and replications on life and the world in ecumenical (Sarason, 1996, p 27). Culture in school grows as teachers associate with each other, students and the community (Barth, 1990, p. 123).Sarason (1996) suggests that it becomes the guide for behavior shared among members of the school at large (p. 32). Kruse and Louis (2008, p. 20) argue that schools are shaped by cultural practices and values and reflect the norms of the society for which they have been developed. Barth (1990) asserts that rituals and procedures common to most schools play a vital subroutine in defining schools culture (p.124). For instance, ringing bells and having students stand in lines. Sarason (1996, p. 138), asserts it is challenging to determine the nature of a schools culture because our own personal experiences and values put blinders on what we look at, choose to change, and evaluate because our values and assumptions are usually implicit and second nature we continue as if the way things are the way things should or could be. Arguably, people scrutinize the customs, guidelines, curriculum, tasks, pedagogy and practices in institutions from side to side via the sieve of their personal experiences and values. Sarason (1996) points out that people must apprehend and analyze their own cultural impacts before examining a schools. Before joining the school, teachers and other staff members are attached to other cultures. Their values, experiences, prior education and norms,affect their opinions on pedagogy, curriculum and reforms before stepping into classrooms. For this reason, any proposed cultural reform will be resisted. Effects of

Organisational Behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 3

Organisational Behaviour - Essay ExampleOf course, monetary rewards for performance also come into the equation as do the effects of leadership since a good enough leader potful motivate a lot more people than a below ordinary leader (Senior, 2002). To better understand this correlates of motivation, it would be useful to examine them individually with practical examples of their use in real world slurs.In terms of psychology, it is mum that certain individualality types are better at handling certain positions than others and even though personality itself is rather complex to define but the generally accepted notion has been the collection of emotional and behavioural properties as well as the thoughts and ideas of a person (Erdogan, 2005). This idea points towards the notion that certain individuals piece of ass be better managers and leaders based on their personal life experiences while others could find it difficult to work effectively if placed in a situation which requ ires leadership skills (Rosenfeld & Wilson, 1999).The earlier work in the field of personality study is attributed to Jung which was later on expanded by others. While we may say that person X has a cheerful personality, scientists prefer to classify personality in three different models including Factorial models, typologies and circumplexes which are directly connected with how they perform in given situations (Clarke & Robertson, 2005). Depending on the needs of an organisation, certain personalities and behavioural tracts can be more useful for the company than others.A personality evaluation profile can be created to screen candidates for some positions but there is a negative point associated with such a procedure since the ethics of such an approach can be questioned. There is a significant amount of research and information which shows that there is a definite link between personality and certain line of business roles. Of course much of the evidence presented is based on a necdotes and observations by individuals

Brainstorm of the places where we use computers Essay Example for Free

Brainstorm of the places where we use computers EssayThe main uses of ICT in Coopers is to educate pupils that attend also to help teachers keep track of their day by day teachings.The uses of ICT wish well interactional panels and projectors have played an important part in the way education is being taught in ST Edwards. These functions allows teachers to browse the Internet in summit of the class and go on educational websites. Also to use the interactive board with a interactive pen to draw straight lines easier than a whiteboard. Systems like SIMS are very useful for teachers every day routine as it allows them to do features like see students timetables, personal details like address and billet telephone number also their face identity. This is useful because this canful be arranged so that a whole classes pictures are printed of in alphabetic coiffure in order for a teacher to know there class pupils quicker by face by arranging the class in alphabetical order.Th e public school Coopers is allocated in Romford, Essex was formed over 300 years ago. It contains around 1200 pupils with six formers and over 100 teachers, which the school had to accommodate by make a new building alongside the old one. The head teacher of Coopers is Mr Drew. The school is very multicultural as it accepts students from the local borough as well as outside the borough, which makes the school very unique in its area of Havering. Also recently Coopers was one of the 19 schools in the whole of London to been given the big top grade from OFSTED inspectors. The school dress code of Cooperss pupils is to blue blazers with a badge showing a cross and doves also charcoal grey trousers. The tie has byzant stripes of yellow, navy and light blue.Microsoft office plays a very important role in the education system at Coopers through programs like Microsoft explicate, Excel, and PowerPoint. well-nigh of the uses that these programs enable areSpreadsheet Microsoft Excel Use are being able to mail immix, spread sheet formulasWord Processing Microsoft Word This programs enables you to Do telecommunicate template documents, Invoices and basics such as LettersPresentation Software Microsoft PowerPoint PowerPoint presentations allow students to present class to their class on an interactive board.Database Microsoft Access principally used throughout Coopers school for tracking students behaviour and for teaching throughout the schooling industry. Also by teachers into allowing them to gussy up their timetables and see where they have free periods or when a class needs a supply teacher as a teacher is away from school.Desktop Publishing (DTP) MS Publisher, Photoshop, and Corel Draw chiefly used in school to edit and draw pictures.List of Hardware (computer Specification)How ICT is used in subjects that are taught and used in school.CDT This subject has specialised software on the ICT program like 2D Design, which enables students to draw different sha pes and letters then have specially designed into a 2D key chain of mountains utilize a high tech machine.MFL the subject MFL has software installed on the schools computer system, which allows teachers to access it through the interactive boards and teach students on their speech approximation the boards speakers. Also through the interactive pen, the teachers can ask students to come to the front and moves individual words to the right sentences.Security software an administrator through record on a computer can access The CCTV cameras. This allows the admin to control the movement of the cameras. Most class lives in Coopers are locked with a specialized security system with save opens by inserting a card with a special chip build into it. The door will only open if it recognises the chip. Systems on different doors can be programmed to accept the chip. This will allow the user to open a number of doors throughout the school. The school technicians would install anti virus so ftwares like Northern artistic creation The use of digital cameras and software allows users to edit photos and images. Also it can be used to evaluate pieces of work and how to make improvements. The benefits of using ICT in Art are that students can do animations and add special effects to pictures, which cannot be done by hand.Library The heritage used to the check if the book you want hasnt been taken out. Also the library uses ICT to controls what is borrowed and taken out in the library also students who have books that are overdue.I also found my school is using networking in 10 computer rooms each room has a local network. All local networks are connected together with router and Gateway. After accessing to the network carriage I found that the school network is using the star network. PreferablyMaths ICT is used in maths to do accurate pie chart and kibosh chart diagrams. Also spreadsheets and calculations in programs like MS excel.Finance Dept This department uses ICT t o deal with problems such as calculating staff salary and tax using spreadsheets and SAGE line 50 or Payroll software.Why the organisation uses ICT?Coopers Comprehensive uses ICT as it is very effective in helping to manage and organise the work of the school.ExamplesThe organisation uses word processing software such as Microsoft Word to design templates which they will use every time they want to address a letter to pupils homes. This is effective as this system will enable the organisation to save time not writing by hand the information that would be stored as a template. E.g. school address and logoLocations where ICT is used1. Receptiona. Photocopierb. Computerc. Lightsd. Fax2. Classroomsa. Lights systemb. Computerc. Fand. Projectore.3. Staff rooma. Computersb. Lighting system4. Science Laba. Computersb. Interactive board5. Interactive boarda. Sound systemb. Internet browserc. Interactive boardd. moviee. Projector6. Librarya. Heritagei. Resource libraryii. Computeriii. Datab ase7. Six form sweet8. D.Ta. Computers9. Technicians officea. Laptopsb. Computers10. Art rooma. Computers11. Music rooma. Keyboardsb. Interactive boardc. Lightsd. Sound system12. Food rooma. Digital camera (for taking pictures of food)b. Computerc. Pocket computer (keeps track of his daily routines)Roles1. Teachinga. Worksheetsb. Timetablesc. Teachers plannersd. Room changese. On call system2. Frencha. Interactive whiteboards3. Historya. Computerb. Interactive4. Securitya. CCTV (24 hours in motion a day.)b. School disquietudec. Fire alarm5. Interneta. School websiteb. Revision sites for learning6. Mr Chapmens Officea. Letters homeb. Reachout7. Mr Drews officea. Photocopier8. Homework9. Mathsa. Calculatorsb. Projectorsc. Interactive board10. SEN Dept11. S.T.E.D.Sa. Calculators12. Mr Browns Officea. Timetables13. SIMS (schools information wariness system)a. NOVAb. Timetables for students and teachersc. Coverd. Administratione. Pupil profilesf. Students behaviourNow I am going to hig hlight more details how the organisation is using ICT to meet the particular proposition needs.Making lessons interactive the school uses a smart interactive white board and computer system in every classroom to make lessons interactive. When the teacher is teaching he can write down everything on the whiteboard and using the special software SMART, writing can be saved and played fundament whenever necessary. Teachers can use many tools to make lessons interactive for example, drawing tools, setting the sandground colour, selecting font, importing diagrams, showing animation and effects and so on.To make the interactive board work the following hardware and software I identified Projector Computer with necessary software e.g. operating system Windows XP and applications software e.g. MS Word and hardware e.g. keyboard, mouse and Driver program comes with interactive whiteboard USB memory to transfer and save lessons. Digital pen or stylus using this device teachers can use softw are interactively without coming to the computer Cable connection between whiteboard and computerThe objective of the organisation is to educate students interactively within a short time. utilise such interactive system the teacher can teach many things to each student e.g. printing handouts of what he taught at the end of the lesson, without writing he can show it again and again if the student doesnt understand. Students dont need to take all notes and can take soft copy of the lessons. When a student is inattentive he or she can take the soft copy to catch up.registering and maintaining student databasecreating school brochuretemplatesdesigningwriting letter to parentsmail mergesave timedont make mistakesIssuing and receiving books in the school librarySearching for books in the library the school uses ICT in libraries so that books can be found easily and can also to record pupils taking books out and returning them easily without making mistakes and losing books. The benefit s are Saves time just scanning books sooner of writing it down manually every time a pupil wants to take a book out. Pupils can easily search for books on a database instead of finding it on shelves Overdue books can be worked out by the computer whereas you may forget when the pupil was due to bring back the book.

Athenian Artistic Performances Were They a Form of Propaganda Essay Example for Free

Athenian Artistic Performances Were They a Form of Propaganda EssayThe glory that was Greece reached its height in 5th century BCE in Athens, under the leadership of Pericles. He opened Athenian democracy to the ordinary citizen, was responsible for the construction of magnificent temples and statues on the Acropolis and he, in effect created the Athenian empire. The definition of propaganda is the planned use of any form of humans or mass-produced communication designed to affect the minds of a given up group for a specific purpose, whether military, economic or political (Linearger, p. 39, 1954).This has connotations of dishonesty and while people assume it is a modern phenomenon, its roots go butt much further. The question is however, was propaganda rife in 5th century BCE Athens and if so, was it the driving force whether explicitly or not behind many of the public displays? A funeral oration or epitaphios logos is an official speech delivered at a funeral. The epitaphio s is regarded as a virtually unique Athenian concept, although early elements of such(prenominal) speeches exist in the Epic poetry of Homer and in Lyric poetry of Pindar in addition modern parallels have been drawn between capital of Nebraskas Gettysburg address and Pericles.When Pericles gave the epitaphios for Athenian soldiers who had been killed in the first year of the Peloponnesian War. He took the opportunity to not only praise the deceased, but Athens itself, in an oration which has been both praised as enshrining the archetypal democratic system and condemned as barefaced propaganda. In Thucydides book History of the Peloponnesian War, Pericles Funeral Oration is a ruling rhetorical piece. In addition it is important evidence for the study of the Athenian sense of identity and the way they represented themselves and others.It eloquently discusses the ancient democratic simulation and the picture it portrays serves as a prototype for democratic states today (Abbott, 1970) . Thucydides specified a man would be chosen to make an appropriate speech i. e. it matched conventional prescriptions of the epitaphios, which according to Edinger, consisted of a number of recognised topics praise of the dead, praise of the ancestors, praise of the city, consolation of the families of the dead.

Enhancing quality in assessment Essay Example for Free

Enhancing lineament in sound judgment Essay part potency refers to refers to any transcriptionatic process submited at ensuring that services and products creation developed meet the specified requirements and standards (Sale, 1990). Thorough testing by the eccentric assurance on products and services is important so as to give developers a chance to fix glitches before new technology prior to the products or services being unleashed to the consumers (Hernon Altman, 1998). Appropriate quality assurance can overly support firms in attaining a competitive edge in the trading ecosystem which is extremely complex. It can overly service of process in improving customer acquisition and retention rates through helping in distributing cutting edge services to consumers more reliably and faster. Assessment refers to any process which appraises skills, understanding, knowledge and knowledge of an individual. The vital elements of assessment which requires being quality assured include the assessors, the assessment process, the assessment system, collecting the inference and making the judgment (Oakland, 1989).Assessment principles propose that assessments should be reli satisfactory, fair, flexible and valid. Assessors carrying prohibited the assessment should make sure that assessment decisions engage the evaluation of adequate curtilage which will enable a judgment to be made regarding competence of an individual. Assessors judge the individuals against benchmarks or competency standards which are developed by the industry with an head of assessing whether such individuals are competent. Individual needs of the customers should also be assessed in order to disclose out whether the products and services provided to them satisfy those needs. This assessment will help in understanding and improving those individual needs (Oakland, 1989). When individual needs are met this will increase the customers cheer, customer loyalty and also the company will b e having a competitive edge over its competitors (Fox, 1993).In order for a company to be successful it should be able to meet the customer expectations. Customer expectations should be made public in organization where appropriate criteria should be introduced and also high standards should be set with an aim of meeting the individual needs of the customers. Also during the assessment there should be a systematical way of analyzing, gathering and interpreting evidence in order to find out how well the performance of the company matches the standards and expectations of the consumers (Harlen, 1994). The information gathered will be used in explaining, documenting and enhancing performance. This will help in creating an organization nicety which focuses more on satisfying the individual needs of the consumers which will eventually increases the performance of the company (Garcia, 2009).Assessment is frequently subdivided into two categories namely formative assessment and summative assessment. Formative assessment possess a developmental purpose which is aimed at helping individuals in a company to work more in effect through giving them feedback in connection with their performance and also ways of maintaining or enhancing their performance. This will help the company in ensuring that the customers needs and expectations are achieved. On the other hand, summative assessment is used to show the extent of the individuals success in attaining the assessment criteria used in appraising the mean performance outcomes of the company. Different customers have different needs and requirements and therefore companies should assess those needs in order to satisfy all their individual needs (Gitlow, 2005).Quality assurance process prevents hitches from occurring, detect and correct hitches that do happen, and promote higher standards of care. Assessment activity should be within a quality management system concerned with constant usefulness. Two main factors which dri ves the demand for ensuring the quality of assessment include philosophy of quality management and the desire to follow the set requirements. insure assessment quality will leads to many benefits to the organization. Improving the consistency and quality of assessment will assist the assessors to have more confidence on their judgments, individuals to halt that they have been treated in a just way, and community, employers and other groups to value assessment judgment issued. A great concern on quality in assessment easily forms part of the overall approach of the organization and management of quality processes (Quality management and quality assurance standards, 1994).Quality assurance is very concerned on a systematic approach to enhancement that is aimed at responding and recognizing to the expectation and needs of all the groups of stakeholders in organizations. Stakeholders expect quality assessment and training carried out in an environment which is systematic that also ass ures its services and processes. Quality assurance processes the support staff which supports them in providing effective and efficient service that is focused fittingly on the needs of customers and clients. Quality assurance involves constant improvement (Vitale Vengroski, 1993). The cyclical approach of plan, do, assess, and act encourages the need to execute processes, assess their efficiency and act to hap with further improvement (Fox, 1993).Organizational needs should also be assessed where all departments should be assessed and also the employees. Employees should also be allowed to have self-assessment and peer reviewed assessments so as to determine their performance and help in knowing areas to improve in order to enhance their performance (Gitlow, 2005). All the groups and stakeholders which contributes to the performance of the company should be assessed and see them in order to come up with effective ways of enhancing the performance of the company. This will also help in increasing customers satisfaction since all their needs will be assessed and therefore working towards fulfilling those needs. Assessing individual, groups and organizations needs therefore it very significant towards improving the performance of the company.ReferencesCiccone, K. R., Lord, J. T. (1992). IQA-2 continuous performance improvement through integrated quality assessment. Chicago American Hospital Pub..Fox, M. J. (1993). Quality assurance management. London Chapman Hall.Garcia, D. (2009). Quality management. Chandni Chowk, Delhi India Global Media.Gitlow, H. S. (2005). Quality management (3rd ed.). Boston McGraw-Hill/Irwin.Harlen, W. (1994). Enhancing quality in assessment. London P. Chapman Pub..Hernon, P., Altman, E. (1998). Assessing service quality satisfying the expectations of library customers. Chicago American Library Association.Oakland, J. S. (1989). Total quality management. Oxford Heinemann Professional Pub. .Quality management and quality assurance standards. (1994). Sydney Standards Australia .Sale, D. N. (1990). Quality assurance. London Macmillan.Vitale, B. A., Vengroski, S. M. (1993). Quality assessment and improvement in long-term care a continuous process. Philadelphia F.A. Davis.Source document

Literature Review: Are Sunbeds Safer than Natural Sunlight?

Literature Review Are Sunbeds Safer than Natural Sunlight?The unanswered debate on whether sunbeds atomic number 18 safer than natural sunlight is an ongoing brawl amongst Dermatologists and crabmeat queryes. This topic also raised many other unanswered questions as to how we sun enkindle, how we can prevent it and what ar the repercussions of burn down.According to Heather Brannon, MD in Dermatology unsp crude oilt (2014), it is the result of the UVB rays that affects the top layer of your cutis which causes you to burn red. UVA rays penetrate deeper into the scaffolding of the unclothe which causes it to age. However both UVA and UVB rays can cause cancerous mutations as they both cost the DNA of the uncase cells. Both the UVA and the UVB rays can be found in natural sunlight as easy as in a walloping bed. Over exposure to these rays could result in aging, wrinkles, sunspots and in extreme cases cancer. Unfortunately as stated by Brannon, you wont know the damage that t he UV rays have through with(p) to your unclothe until it is already done. Turning a complete of red is an indicator of how much UVB rays have harmed your skin and tells you very smallish on how many harmful UVA rays have penetrated your skin.Tanning is the result of your body producing the pigmentation melanin which causes the skin to go mysteriouser. According to Dr Sam Shuster a research skin doctor at the Newcastle university in Norton England, a tan is your bodys natural way in protecting itself from the harmful rays if the sun. In addition to this the UV advantage written by Dr Michael Holick a professor in medicine and physiology biophysics at the Boston University(2004), The golden rule to tanning is to never burn. Smart tanning has get under ones skin a must in controlling the amount of UV rays that is intent by your body in the tanning process. By reducing the amount of metres that you burn it minimizes the risks associated with excessively much sun or too little sun. Dr Holick believes that this amount of control is far easier on a sunbeds as the amount of UV rays stick the same during the duration of the session. It is also easier to protect your marrows with FDA googles and lips with an SPF lip balm. Holicks research has shown that indoor tanners argon less the likely to burn outdoors than non-tanners as a result of their base tan. Holick is desperate to set right the misleading exaggerated claims that state that sun exposure is bad for you. Holick argues that moderate exposure to artificial or natural UV had powerful benefits in obtaining the amount of vitamin D levels that your bodys needs. Robert P. Heaney, MD, professor of medicine at John Creighton University (2004) supports Holicks outcry. Heaney agrees with Holick as vitamin D is the best way for the body to control abnormal cell growth, therefore aiding in the fight against different types of cancer. Holick is against the misleading information from the American Academy of De rmatology (AADA) that sunbeds are dangerous for ones health. When in actual fact sunlight whether artificial or natural is the bodys main source of vitamin D that we are so dependent on. Holick states that it is virtually impossible to obtain the amount of vitamin D needed by the body in dietary supplements or pills as it is not enough and will only damage the liver. However after adhering to all that has been stated Holick believes that consumers still need to be aware of the dangers of UV rays and the possible risk of skin cancer. Holick confirms that a few minutes of natural or artificial sunlight several times a week I much(prenominal)(prenominal) than enough to satisfy the right amount of vitamin D that is required by the body. Professor Tim Oliver a medical Oncologist at Barts the London hospital states that fair shinny people will receive maximum vitamin D levels will be met with exposing just your forearms and face for 5-10 minutes in sunlight, three times a week. This is a perfect dosage of sunlight that the sunbed would be able to give you as it is timed and you will not everyplace expose yourself.The amount of exposure time and intensity of UV rays varies according to the different skin types as the different skin types have a different reaction to the exposure of sunlight. Thomas Fitzpatrick, MD of Harvard medical school (1975) developed the classification of skin colour and characteristic scale. He has rated the skin types from a one to six. One being very pale, blueish eyes and red or blonde hair with a few freckles, this skin type always burns and never tans. character two ordinarily in very fair with blonde or red hair, blue or hazel green eyes. This skin type usually burns and tans with difficulty. Type three has a skin soupcon of a cream white or olive skin tone they are fair with any eye and hair colour. This skin type burns mildly but is capable of obtaining a tan by tanning gradually. Type four has a brownish skin typical of a C aucasian or Mediterranean skin type. These people rarely burn and tan with ease. Type five has a dark brown mid-eastern skin type and it burns rarely. Lastly type six skin tone is a black skin which never burns.Dr Joseph Mercola a appreciate osteopathic physician (2013) states that the human life is dependent on sun exposure. According to Mercola, medical literature fails to recognise the benefits of UV exposure as it could prevent hurtful diseases such as rickets and osteoporosis. With the insufficient use of sunscreen also has an impact of the vitamin D deficient people, especially women. Mercola has done research that proves that women are more likely to have a vitamin D deficiency as a result of cosmetics and makeup that give an SPF factor. This therefore blocks out 90% of vitamin that would have been absorbed by just wearing makeup. Mercola goes on to say that wearing sunblock every day is not necessary on the days that do not need it. The misuse of this product will do more harm than good in the recollective run.In contrast to this, the Harvard medical school argues that tanning beds are extremely dangerous as the sunbeds emits the same amount of UVB rays as natural sunlight but three times the amount of UVA rays than natural sunlight. Harvard states that the severe bursts of UV rays emitted from sunbeds are more dangerous, as they increase the amount of mutations forming and the damage to the configuration on the human DNA. Studies done by Harvard have shown that tanning has become addictive and the people who tan have shown the same sign of dependence on the sunbed as with other addictive substances. Harvard states that the protection of the base tan, which is your bodys natural way in protecting your skin from the UV rays, has the equivalent amount of protection as a sunblock of SPF4. According to Harvards research a tan is the skins reaction to internal mutations, which is a silent shout out from your body, to get out of the sun. Harvard is conc erned of the indoor tanning studios promoting bronzers with coconut oil and no SPF factor. This is exceptionally dangerous as people are exposing their bodies to concentrated UV rays with no protection.Similarly the American Academy of Dermatology (AADA) agrees with Harvard and states that an alarming number of 419000 cases of skin cancer a year are reported to being linked to sunbeds. According to the AADA one sunbed session increases the clients rick of squamous carcinoma by 67% and bascal carcinoma by 29%.In addition to this the AADA have had many reports of clients that have suffered from premature skin aging, eye injuries and various skin cancers as a result of do use of indoor tanning. It has also come to the attention of the academy that the use of sunblock amongst the youth is decreasing while the amount of sunburns is increasing.According to the International influence for research on cancer (IARC) (2009) sunbed aids malignant melanoma, the most dangerous form of skin ca ncer which could be fatal. The IARC states that you cannot see the damage that the UV rays are capable of straight away as it builds up over time. Using sunbeds onwards the age of 35 increases your risk of melanoma skin cancer. The IARC makes it very work out that to matter how much UV rays you expose yourself to, there comes a point where your skin cannot go any darker. It will just cause your skin to pop out leathery, coarse and wrinkled. Therefore the more sunbed sessions you do the more harmful it is to your skin. According to the IARC sunbeds are no safer than Natural sunlight, as both contain UVA and UVB which causes cancer. As a result of this the agency does not believe that sunbeds are a safe alternative way to tan.In addition to this Tabasum Mir , MD, Manhattan cosmetic dermatologist and ocuplastic surgeon (2003) states that more and more people in their late 20s are requesting Botox and other chemical peels to address the aging or damage done to their skin as a result of careless exposure to the sun. Mir believes that 80% of sun exposure in a persons life happens before the age of 18. According to Mir, teenagers are aware of the damage that the sun can do to their skin but it has had little effect to how they make use of sunblock products to protect their skin. They seem to believe that they are resistive to skin cancer says Mir. As a result of this more teens are reported to have melanoma skin cancer.This is confirmed by research done by Nancy Silverberg, MD, Dermatologist in California (2003). A lot of what is called aging is a result of skin damage states Silverberg. The un expose expanse is smooth and firm, whereas the part of the skin that is exposed to the harmful UV rays is usually wrinkled and saggy. More teens are willing to suffer from sunburn in order to obtain a tan.Brian Diffey an Emeritus professor of photobiology (2013) adds that exposing your skin to UV rays will make your skin more susceptible to age at an alarming rate. This i ncludes photoaging. Diffey suggests that regular use of sunblock should be used early in life as it is the largest contribution toward the overall amount of UV rays crisp your skin over a life time. Diffey is in favour of using a product that has a broad protection spectrum and the production should also contain a sensory as well as a tactile profile to encourage regular usage. Exposure to UV radiation is believed to increase photoaging and workaday application of a sunscreen is thought to mitigate this process.In order to be healthy you need to have a good balance of vitamin D, too much can be toxic and too little could course some life threatening diseases. This is why it is classical to realize how sunscreens work. According to the skin cancer foundation (2007) SPF is short for sun protection factor. There are different rating of sunblock that keeps out the majority of the UVB rays SPF 15-93%, SPF30-97%, SPF50-98%.These may seem like negligible differences but it will make a d ifference if your skin is sun sensitive or if you have a family history of skin cancer. The skin cancer foundation states that sunscreen will only stay effective for 2 hours without reapplication and ensure to apply the sunscreen 30 minutes before exposure. Everyone over the age of 6 month needs to use sunscreen. It is a good idea according to the foundation that if you do sport or swim in the sea that you should use a water resistance sunscreen.According to the Melanoma Skin malignant neoplastic disease Care (2013), as a result of exposing your skin for long periods of time sunspots can develop, as the melanin pigment begins to produce concentrated amounts. Sunspots are a kind of hyperpigmentation, they do not fade in winter and they campaign for long periods of time these are often referred to as age spots. People often dont know the difference states the Melanoma Skin Cancer Care. Freckles on the other hand are completely genetic and they fade during winter. Both freckles and su nspots become visible as the result of the sun therefore it is important that we take precautions to protect yourself according to Cleveland clinic (2011). Too much sun causes damage to your cells and blood vessels. Cleveland clinic want to bring to the attention of sunscreen uses that a combination of sunscreen, shade and clothing needs to be used in order to have maximum protection from the sun.Sunburn can be very painful as it is the bodys way of repairing the damage. Cleveland clinic further explains that the reason why sunburn is so hot and sore is the result of the blood vessels in the local area of the sunburn swelling up, allowing for more blood that is hot from your bodys natural temperature to flow to the area in order for the bodys immune system to repair the damage. Cleveland also states that the reason why your body peels is the result of your skin cells being so severely damaged by the sun that they are destroyed and disposed of by your bodys immune system. Cleveland s tates further that taking care of your skin and applying a generous amount of sunblock when exposed to the sun is vital to your skins health.A new exciting harmless method of obtaining a tan has been accessible to the public and is completely harmless. According to Daniel Annese the vice chairwoman of marketing the North American Estee Lauder products (2003) states that a tan is highly fashionable and the only methods of obtaining a tan without the use of natural sunlight or sunbeds is by using a self-tanner containing dihydroxyacetone. (DHA) The DHA reacts with the proteins in the stratum curium of the epidermis. This gives the client a natural looking tan with their own individual skin undertone to make it look as natural as possible.In conclusion, sunbeds as well as natural sunlight have many advantages as well as disadvantages. Although it is unclear on which one is safest as there has been a lot of misleading information sent out by different organisations and dermatologist tha t have taken things to the extreme. According to dermatologists UV rays have both negative and positive attributes to them when exposed to them in moderation. As a result of the dangerous UV rays we need to take precautions to protect our skin to avoid sunspots, and cancer.